Turtle Letters: 03

The bounding box, reference point, and Drawing an O (or a 0)

Part of a series of tutorial articles about drawing symbols with turtle graphics.

Code examples referred to on this page can be found here: https://github.com/ucsb-cs8-m17/Lecture3_0810

The letter O (as in Oscar), or 0 (zero as in 2000)

For any letter or number we draw, if we want to be able to combine it with other letters and numbers, we are going to have to consider it to have some “width” and some “height”.

We are also going to consider something called the “reference point”, and something called the “bounding box”. The following illustration shows this:

BoundingBox

Now, inside this bounding box, we are going to draw our letter, or number, or symbol.

Let’s consider a zero (or an O).

There are a number of ways to draw a zero, and at first we want to KEEP THINGS SIMPLE.

That is, do the simplest thing that will be recognizable as the shape of the letter or number we have in mind.

Later, if we want to get fancier, we can, but at first, KEEP THINGS SIMPLE. At least on your first try, do the SIMPLEST THING THAT COULD POSSIBLY WORK. This is a mantra that successful programmers often repeat to themselves.

So, here’s a very simple zero. It’s nothing more than a rectangle, really.

Version 1
01

And the Python code to produce it is very simple. Note that:

# Version 1 of drawing a digit zero, as an example to show how letters might be drawn.
# P. Conrad for CS8, 10/08/2013

import turtle

aTurtle = turtle.Turtle()

def drawZero(width,height):
    """
    Draw the digit zero.  Assumes aTurtle starts pointing right,
    pen down
    at lower left of a rectantgle, with given width and height.

    Leave the turtle pointing right at the lower right of that
    same rectangle when done, with pen still down.
    """

    # Go counter-clockwise around the box
    
 
    aTurtle.forward(width)
    aTurtle.left(90)
    aTurtle.forward(height)
    aTurtle.left(90)
    aTurtle.forward(width)
    aTurtle.left(90)
    aTurtle.forward(height)
    aTurtle.left(90)
    
    # Now move over to lower left corner

    aTurtle.up(); aTurtle.forward(width); aTurtle.down()

drawZero(30,60)

aTurtle.up()
aTurtle.forward(20)
aTurtle.down()

drawZero(15,45)

To run this program, in IDLE, do:

But those zeros don’t look much like zeros. We can do a little better, with just a little bit of work.

Let’s try clipping the corners a little to make the zero just a “little bit” rounder, and then give each of the important points a name:

Version 2 Version 3
02 03


Turtle Graphics letters tutorials: table of contents

Section Code
(github repo)
Topics Covered
Turtle Letters: 01 code Draw a T
Turtle Letters: 02 code Drawing an A
Turtle Letters: 03 code The bounding box, reference point, and Drawing an O (or a 0)
Turtle Letters: 04   Planning your letters inside a bounding box (planning P and C)